Besides the obvious electric powertrain technology, there are new rules and features for Formula E’s 2018/2019 season that made the series more attractive. In prior seasons, drivers had to switch to a second car mid-race because its batteries couldn’t last an entire race. It was awkward and strange, a slapdash solution to range anxiety. But for season five, Formula E uses a second generation of battery that lets a team use one car per race.
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That was BMW’s prerequisite for entering Formula E, company spokesperson Jay Hanson says, the logic being that BMW wants to get into electric car racing to transfer electric drivetrain experience to its road cars, and normal drivers aren’t hopping out and into a second car when the battery’s depleted. “The borders between production and motor-racing development are more blurred at BMW i Motorsport [BMW’s electric performance division] than in any other project,” says Hanson. BMW i’s road car engineers are also its racing car engineers, he says, so you have the same people who developed the powertrain for the BMW i3, a tiny electric city car, also working on BMW’s iFE.18 Formula E racer.
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The same kind of thinking is in play at Porsche. “The decision to enter Formula E is tied very much with our strategy to road cars,” says Viktoria Wohlrapp, a spokesperson for Porsche’s Formula E team. Technology from the 919 Hybrid led straight into the 2019 Taycan, Porsche’s first all-electric road vehicle. The Taycan’s 800V electrical system and liquid-cooled lithium-ion battery were designed initially for LMP1’s 919 Hybrid, and had Porsche not competed in LMP1, the Taycan could have turned out to be a very different animal. Once Porsche enters Formula E next season, they say this type of knowledge transfer from racing to production vehicles will intensify to a greater level.
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For big car companies accustomed to huge investments in racing teams, Formula E is going to take a little getting used to. The circuit is intentionally more minimalist than its petrol-powered forebears to make a point about sustainability. In practical terms, each Formula E team is limited to 20 people. Compare that to Porsche’s LMP1 team, which at its peak employed 260 people. (Porsche shuffled its racing pros to new projects. Twenty went to the Formula E project and took with them four seasons’ worth of expertise racing the 919 Hybrid in LMP1. The rest went to Porsche’s GT racing programs, still an internal-combustion engine series, while a few combustion-engine specialists head a research program.)
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Formula E makes a number of other changes for 2018/9 in addition to the one-car rule. Power increases from 190 kW to 250 kW, or from about 255 to 335 horsepower, and so the cars’ top speed bumps from 140 mph to 174 mph. Races won’t run a fixed number of laps anymore. Instead, they’ll run for 45 minutes, and then after time expires they’ll run one more lap. Oddest of all, by far, is that driving through certain sections of track off the racing line will signal the car’s motor to produce an extra 25 kW (33.5 bhp) for a temporary speed boost.
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At the season opener in Ad Diriyah, Saudi Arabia, on December 15, nine manufacturers will take the grid. Some, like China’s NIO and India’s Mahindra, will be newcomers to headliner auto-racing events of the kind Formula E has become. Others, like BMW and Audi, will be old professionals from the hallowed race tracks of Le Mans and the Nurburgring. All will be treading new ground as combustion-engine companies feel out the early days of electric racing on their paths to becoming electric car companies.
Popular Mechanics
https://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/hybrid-electric/a25472998/formula-e-electric-car-racing-gets-real/